2.3.1Active indicatorVulnerability to Severe Mosquito-Borne Disease
2.1Assessment and planning of health adaptation
2.2Enabling conditions, adaptation delivery, and implementation
2.3Vulnerabilities, health risk, and resilience to climate change
Indicator 2.3.1 · Adaptation
Vulnerability to Severe Mosquito-Borne Disease
Aedes mosquitoes, which can transmit diseases such as dengue, chikungunya, and Zika, pose growing risks to health as changing climatic conditions, urbanisation, and population movement affect where they can survive and spread disease. The risk of severe illness also depends on population vulnerability and access to timely, high-quality healthcare. This indicator tracks vulnerability to severe disease from Aedes-transmitted infections by combining susceptibility associated with urbanisation with countries’ capacity to provide accessible, high-quality healthcare.
Headline finding
Between 2016 and 2023, population-weighted global vulnerability to severe mosquito-borne disease decreased by 1.2%, with Very High HDI countries recording the smallest relative decrease, at 0.5%.
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Figure 1
Vulnerability to Mosquito-borne Diseases
Vulnerability to severe mosquito-borne disease outcomes, measured using a simplified index from 0 to 100, where 0 indicates less vulnerability, and 100 indicates more vulnerability. The index accounts for the size of urban populations and the proportion of deaths attributable to neglected tropical diseases, excluding malaria, as a measure of public health quality. Results are shown by country, Human Development Index (HDI) group, World Health Organization (WHO) region, or Lancet Countdown region, from 2000 to 2025.
Index interpretation: 0 = less vulnerable; 100 = more vulnerable
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About this indicator
Description
This indicator tracks the vulnerability of countries to severe adverse health outcomes from Aedes-borne diseases (Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika) considering urban population as a susceptibility variable and health care access and quality as a coping capacity variable, during the period of consideration 2000-2025.
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Caveats
This indicator is extrapolated to country level; no estimations at subnational level to differentiate vulnerability between rural and urban settings were performed.
Data sources
- Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network. Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Results. Seattle, United States: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), 2023. Available from https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/.
- World Bank, World Development Indicators. Urban population (% of total population). Available from: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS Urban population refers to people living in urban areas as defined by national statistical offices. The data are collected and smoothed by United Nations Population Division.
- World Bank, World Development Indicators. Population, total. Available from: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL