Lancet CountdownData Explorer

Evidence area 03

Energy · transport · food systems

Mitigation & Co-Benefits

Assesses how action across energy, transport, food and other systems can protect health.

Indicators
11
Sub-sections
5
Indicators of mitigation actions and health co-benefitsIndicators of mitigation actions and health co-benefits. Foundations of good health: urban planning; power generation 3.1.1; transport; industry; healthcare; agriculture & forestry 3.4 & 3.3.1. Interventions: access to clean household energy 3.1.2; low-carbon electricity; healthy transport 3.1.3; sustainable healthcare 3.5; reduced red & processed meat. Co-benefits: mental health & social equity; clean air 3.2.1 & 3.2.2; physical activity; healthy diets 3.3.2. Health & wellbeing.

Scroll sideways to see the whole diagram

Key findings · 2026

  • 3.1.2

    Household energy use

    Households in Low-HDI countries still depend heavily on biomass (88%), while electricity accounts for only 5% of Low HDI household energy, compared with 29% globally.

  • 3.2.2

    Household air pollution

    Deaths attributable to household air pollution from solid fuel use declined from 2.4 million in 2016 to 2.0 million in 2023, across the 65 countries studied

  • 3.5.1

    Healthcare Sector Emissions and Damages

    41 countries have decreased their healthcare GHG emission since 2016 due to national and international efforts. In more than half these countries reductions were as a result of more resource-efficient healthcare operations and/or decarbonising energy systems and supply chains.

All 11 Indicators in This Area

3.1 Energy use, energy generation, and health

3.2 Air quality and health co-benefits

3.3 Food, agriculture, and health co-benefits

3.4 Tree cover loss

3.5 Health-care Sector Emissions

View all indicators

Directory