2.1.1 / 2.1.2Active indicatorNational Assessments of Climate Change impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation for Health
2.1Assessment and planning of health adaptation
2.2Enabling conditions, adaptation delivery, and implementation
2.3Vulnerabilities, health risk, and resilience to climate change
Indicator 2.1.1 / 2.1.2 · Adaptation
National Assessments of Climate Change impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation for Health
Climate change affects health differently across populations and settings. Assessing local health risks and vulnerabilities is essential for developing effective, context-specific adaptation responses. These two indicators track whether countries have conducted climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessments (Indicator: 2.1.1) and developed national health adaptation plans (Indicator: 2.1.2)
Headline finding
In 2025, 47 of 194 WHO Member States (24.2%) reported having conducted a climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessment since 2020, while 56 (28.8%) reported having developed a Health National Adaptation Plan, up from 14 (7.2%) reporting a national health and climate strategy or plan in 2015.
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Figure 1
National Assessments and Plans for Health Adaptation
This figure presents WHO member states and their status of assessment and planning. Choose which indicator the donut shows — vulnerability and adaptation assessments, Health National Adaptation Plans (HNAP), or both. The donut splits the counted countries by declared status of Health National Adaptation Plans, from completed to not planned, with the countries whose status is unknown or not reported kept as unknown. A countries-shown filter narrows the count to ATACH members or non-members, or to one HDI group. This figure presents count of countries, with status as of September 2025.
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Figure 2
National Assessments and Plans for Health Adaptation
This figure presents WHO member states and their status of assessment and planning by group – HDI group, WHO region, or Lancet Countdown region – with each bar split showing counts of countries by countries by declared status of Health National Adaptation Plans. The “Indicator” control shows vulnerability and adaptation assessment status (Indicator: 2.1.1) or Health National Adaptation Plan (HNAP) status (Indicator: 2.1.2). Each bar shows the number of countries in a group, with segments representing their different status categories. The segments add up to the total number of countries in that group, as reported in the source data. An ATACH membership filter narrows every bar to members or non-members. This figure presents count of countries, with status as of September 2025.
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About this indicator
Description
This indicator draws on the 2025 World Health Organization (WHO) Health and Climate Change Global Survey, which received 145 responses from WHO Member States, with representation from all six WHO regions. Progress is compared with membership data from the Alliance for Transformative Action on Climate and Health (ATACH), which covered 104 countries and areas as of April 2026. It tracks the completion of climate change and health Vulnerability and Adaptation assessments (Indicator: 2.1.1) and Health National Adaptation Plans (Indicator: 2.1.2), with results presented by WHO region and Human Development Index category.
Authors
Dr Diarmid Campbell-Lendrum, Hyunju Lee, Christian Schweizer
Caveats
The Global Survey is voluntary and relies on self-reported information from countries; therefore, it is not representative of all countries and does not assess the quality or implementation of completed HNAPs. However, responses from 145 countries demonstrate substantial global coverage. Data for this indicator also include the 104 countries and areas that were members of ATACH as of April 2026. ATACH membership is voluntary, and national-level results may conceal important differences in adaptation planning and implementation within countries. For the most recent information on membership and commitments, please refer to the ATACH website: https://www.who.int/initiatives/alliance-for-transformative-action-on-climate-and-health/commitments
Data sources
- World Health Organization. Alliance for action on climate change and health (ATACH). Accessed 2025
- 2025 World Health Organization Health (WHO) and Climate Change Global Survey Report. WHO.