5.2Active indicatorIndividual Engagement in Health and Climate Change

Indicator 5.2 · Engagement

Individual Engagement in Health and Climate Change

Online activity is increasingly being used to understand and drive public and individual engagement, transforming individual access to global knowledge and debates. This indicator tracks individuals’ information-seeking behaviour on English Wikipedia and Google in English, Spanish and French in relation to the link between climate change and health. With content on Wikipedia created and edited by users, it can influence the agenda of other media sources. Google is the most visited website in the world and captures a vast majority of the global search engine market.

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Headline finding

Individuals’ proactive engagement with health and climate change hit its highest level in 2025, reaching six times 2016 levels

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Figure 1

Wikipedia engagement with health and climate change

This figure presents engagement with health and climate change on the English Wikipedia from 2019 to 2025, the span the indicator’s authors analyse (a 2018 year is supplied and not shown): page views of the articles "Effects of climate change" and "Effects of climate change on human health", page views across all selected climate change and health articles, and co-views between health and climate articles. One measure is shown at a time, as a line or bar chart, because the article collections attract many thousand times more views than the co-views. The Show control can instead present both co-view directions together — clicks from climate-related to health-related articles and from health-related to climate-related articles — which add up exactly to the supplied co-view total, so they may be stacked, and the total line is the supplied figure rather than a sum of whatever is on screen. The data is global only, so there is no country or regional selection.

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Figure 2

Global Google searches of "climate change health"

This chart shows worldwide Google searches for "climate change health" each year from 2014 to 2025, combining the English, Spanish and French terms. Values are a Google Trends index rather than a count of searches: Google scales the series so that 100 marks the time of greatest search interest, so the line reads as relative interest over time. The data is global only, so there is no country or regional selection — the indicator’s country and regional values are a separately scaled index and appear in the next figure rather than on this axis.

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Figure 3

Google searches of "climate change health" across countries and regions

This figure shows where Google searches for "climate change health" were concentrated across 2014 to 2025, as a single supplied value per place covering the whole period. It opens on a world map of the supplied countries and territories; 172 are supplied, and the map draws every one it can place (see the note on Kosovo below). The ranking compares one geographical level at a time — countries, HDI groups, WHO regions or Lancet Countdown regions — using the values the authors supply for each level: group values are supplied directly and are never sums of their member countries. Values are a Google Trends index scaled across places, with 100 the place of greatest search interest relative to its total search volume. This figure and the trend above cannot be combined into one: Google scales each index separately, so 100 means the year of greatest interest in one and the place of greatest interest in the other, and a value on one axis is not comparable with a value on the other.

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About this indicator

Description

The first part of this indicator measures the number of clicks from health-related Wikipedia articles that lead to visits to climate change-related Wikipedia articles, and the number of visits to climate change-related articles that result in clicks to health-related pages from 2019-2025. This 'clickstream data' is used as a proxy for the degree to which individuals engage with health and climate change as related issues. The second part tracks normalised Google Trends data on the search term "health climate change" and data on the "climate change" topic within the public health and the health category between 2014-2025.

Caveats

The Wikipedia data is not geo-referenced, so it is not possible to infer the location of page visits. Only English Wikipedia pages were considered in the analysis (approximately 50% of all Wikipedia traffic globally), and while they are accessed globally, it is biased towards English-speaking countries. Google does not make the raw search volumnes publicly available, only a normalized search index. To prevent skewed trends, Google Trends excludes searches generated by a very small number of users.

Data sources

  1. Clickstream data from Wikimedia Dumps; Pageviews data from REST sandbox (accessed through the Wikimedia RESTful API and the pageviews client, used to identify relevant articles and measure daily article-level page views)
  2. Google Trends data